之之

Friends of his say it was this experience that instilled in him an all-consuming desire to become a top party official and return to the leadership compounds of his youth.

他的朋友们说，习近平对于进入中共高层、重返幼年时代干部大院的强烈渴望，正是来源于这段经历。

While his father languished in prison he tried 10 times to join the same party that had brought so much suffering to his family but was refused because of his "bad class background". He finally convinced the party to admit him in 1974 and a year later he was accepted to Beijing's elite Tsinghua University.

就在父亲在狱中饱受折磨期间，习近平曾10次申请加入为他的家庭带来如此多痛苦的共产党，但都因“阶级成分不好”而被拒绝。1974年，中共终于批准习近平入党，一年后，他被精英云集的清华大学录取。

While he studied chemical engineering, the Cultural Revolution ended, Deng Xiaoping came to power and Mr Xi's father was rehabilitated before being sent by Deng to rule Guangdong Province. In 1979 Mr Xi was given a plum job as assistant to Geng Biao, China's defence minister and an old comrade of his father.

习近平在清华化工系学习期间，文革结束，邓小平上台，父亲得以平反，之后受到邓小平的任命赴广东省任省长。1979年，习近平获得了一份不错的工作：担任当时的中央军委秘书长（后来担任国防部长）、父亲的老战友耿飚的秘书。

According to friends of Mr Xi and his family, he made a "calculated" decision in 1982 to head back out to the countryside in order to build his resumé as a grassroots official. He was eventually appointed governor of Fujian, the province that lies just across the strait from Taiwan, in 2000 and then party secretary of prosperous Zhejiang Province in 2003.

据习近平和习家的一些朋友透露，1982年，习近平经过仔细的“考量”做出了一个决定：重返农村，以打造一份出身基层的履历。2000年，习近平最终被任命为福建省省长，2003年，又被任命为富庶省份浙江省的省委书记。

His elevation to vice-president and presumptive heir to Mr Hu in 2007 came just months after he was parachuted into Shanghai to replace disgraced former party secretary Chen Liangyu, the most senior official to be arrested for corruption in more than a decade.

2007年，习近平“空降”上海，接替不光彩下台的上海原市委书记陈良宇（十多年来因腐败而被捕的最高级别的中共官员）。仅几个月后，他就被提升为国家副主席，成为胡锦涛的预定接班人。

This leap from obscurity to centre stage came partly thanks to his efforts carefully to cultivate his own image as a humble, down-to-earth public servant, after he suffered a major setback a decade earlier. In 1997, amid a backlash against the "princelings", he came last in an internal vote by Communist elites to select the party's 344-member Central Committee.

习近平在登上中央舞台之前一直默默无闻，这部分原因在于，经历过10年前的那次重大挫折之后，习近平一直努力塑造自己谦和、踏实的人民公仆形象。1997年，恰逢“太子党”遭到反弹之时，在中共高层的内部投票中，习近平进入了总共344人的中共中央委员会，但他是得票数最低的中央候补委员。

In an opaque system known for endemic graft and corruption, Mr Xi is regarded as "clean", although he is not immune to controversy.

在一个贪污腐败盛行的不透明体系中，习近平被视为“清官”，但他也难免受到争议之扰。

Critics point out that his doctoral degree in law from Tsinghua was received for an on-the-job course in "applied Marxist theory and ideological education" and some commentators have claimed he plagiarised all or part of the thesis he wrote while governor of Fujian.

批评人士指出，习近平只参加了清华大学马克思主义理论与思想政治教育专业的在职学习，却获得了法学博士学位；还有一些评论人士宣称，习近平担任福建省长期间撰写的毕业论文部分或全部涉嫌抄袭。

His and Ms Peng's only child, a daughter, is studying as an undergraduate under an assumed name at Harvard, leading many to question his confidence in China's own elite education system.

习近平和彭丽媛的独女目前化名在哈佛大学(Harvard)念本科，这令许多人质疑习近平对中国本土精英教育体系的信心。

None of these concerns will derail Mr Xi's rise to the top at the end of this year. But it remains a mystery what path he will decide to take once he finally reaches the goal he set for himself as a young man.

这些问题没有一个会妨碍习近平在今年年底登上最高领导人之位。但当他最终实现了年少时设定的理想目标之后，他究竟将会决定走哪条道路，这还是个谜。

"We don't know much about his views on political reform or how he will approach relations with the west," says Cheng Li, an expert in elite Chinese politics at the Brookings Institute. "To a certain extent Xi may not know himself which way he will go."

“关于他对政治改革的看法，或者他将如何处理与西方的关系，我们知之甚少，”美国布鲁金斯学会(Brookings Institute)研究中国上层政治的专家李成表示。“某种程度上，习近平自己可能都不知道未来他将走哪条路。”

The writer is the FT's Beijing bureau chief

本文作者是英国《金融时报》北京分社社长

之之

When Xi Jinping was catapulted to the top of the Communist party hierarchy in 2007 the only thing most people in China knew about him was that he was married to a hugely popular military folk singer called Peng Liyuan.

当习近平2007年一跃登上中共权力体系巅峰时，中国大部分人对他的唯一了解就是：这个人是著名军中民歌演唱家彭丽媛的丈夫。

So the party's propaganda machine turned to Ms Peng, a major general in the People's Liberation Army, to introduce the man selected by a conclave of political power brokers to be the next leader of the world's most populous nation.

于是，中共的宣传机器转向了彭丽媛，借宣传这位中国人民解放军少将歌唱家来介绍习近平——他由中共高层少数人秘密挑选出来，作为世界第一人口大国的下一代领导人。

"The first time I met him my heart pounded and I felt immediately that this was my ideal husband, he was so pure and thoughtful," she said in an interview with Chinese state media. Ms Peng also described him as humble and dedicated to his work as a party official.

彭丽媛在接受中国国家媒体采访时如此回忆与习近平的第一次见面：“当时我心里一动——这不就是我心目中理想的丈夫吗？人纯朴又很有思想。”彭丽媛还说，习近平为人谦和，是个工作勤恳的党干部。

Like most of China's top political leaders Mr Xi is an enigmatic figure whose manicured official biography and public pronouncements offer few hints of what his policies might be when he ascends the communist throne.

如中国大多数最高领导人一样，习近平是个神秘的人物。从他经过修饰的官方简历和公开发表的演说中，我们很难找到多少线索，来推断他在登上中共权力宝座以后会采取怎样的政策。

In China and overseas, people have been projecting their own biases and preferences on to the man who will almost certainly succeed president Hu Jintao as Communist party general secretary at the end of this year and president and head of the military soon after.

在中国和海外，人们一直将自己的偏好套用到习近平身上。习近平几乎肯定会在今年年底接替胡锦涛担任中共中央总书记，并随后出任中国国家主席和中共中央军事委员会主席。

Some say he is a strong nationalist leader who could try to confront the west, others argue he is pro-western but isolated and some hopeful liberals even quietly speculate that he could be a Chinese Gorbachev, itching to introduce democracy the first chance he gets.

有人说，习近平是一名强硬的民族主义领导人，可能试图与西方对抗；也有人称，习近平是亲西方的，但孤立无援；一些乐观的自由主义者甚至默默猜测，习近平可能就是中国的戈尔巴乔夫，渴望一有机会就推行民主。

His visit to the US this week, where he was received as if he was already head of state, has done little to illuminate his political leanings although it has thrust him into the global spotlight, where he appeared confident if somewhat colourless.

习近平本周访问美国，受到的接待规格之高，仿佛他已经是中国最高领导人了。此行让习近平成为了全球的焦点，但未能提供多少线索，让世人了解他的政治倾向。面对全球媒体的关注，习近平的表现，除了多少有些缺乏特色之外，总的来说，颇为自信。

But contrary to appearances and his airbrushed official bio, Mr Xi's path to the pinnacle of Communist power has been anything but boring.
但与其外在表现以及经过粉饰的官方简历不同，习近平登上中共权力巅峰的道路绝非平淡无奇。

Born the "princeling" son of a revolutionary general in 1953, he was surrounded by privilege from a young age, living in a compound for top Chinese leaders with the kind of comforts – servants, telephones and a steady food supply – that most citizens in the impoverished nation couldn't dream of.

1953年，习近平出生于一个革命将领家庭，“太子党”的出身让他自幼享受许多特权。在高级领导人专属的干部大院里长大，有勤务兵、电话和稳定的食品供应——这些在当时一贫如洗的中国是大多数人所无法想象的。

But all of that was snatched away when his father, Xi Zhongxun, who was by now a vice-premier, was detained in 1962 in one of Mao Zedong's vicious purges. Gone were the trappings of the elite and the status of the young Xi, who for the next 15 years would be branded the son of a counter-revolutionary.

但在1962年，这一切都没有了。那一年，习近平之父、时任副总理的习仲勋在毛泽东的一次残酷清洗中被打倒。年少的习近平一下子失去了**的待遇和地位，在之后的15年里，他的身份都是反革命分子的儿子。

Things only got worse as the Cultural Revolution engulfed the nation in the late 1960s and he was shipped out to the countryside at the tender age of 15 to toil with the peasants as one of millions of "sent-down educated youth". In a small village in northern Shaanxi Province he slept like the locals on a flea-infested bed made of bricks in a cave dug into the yellow dirt. "I ate a lot of bitterness at that time," Mr Xi later wrote. "But my experience there had a profound influence on me and formed my down-to-earth, striving character."

到上世纪60年代后期，随着文化大革命在全国范围内兴起，情况变得更糟。年仅15岁的习近平与数百万“下乡知青”一起，下放到农村，与农民一起辛苦劳动。在陕西北部的一个小村庄里，习近平和当地的农民一样，睡在窑洞里满是跳蚤的炕上。“我那时吃了很多苦，”习近平后来写道，“但那段经历对我有很深的影响，使我形成了踏实肯干、不屈不挠的性格。”

之之

African-American women are less likely to marry than white women overall, but educated black women are considerably more likely to marry than their less-educated counterparts. As of 2008, 70 percent of African-American female college graduates had married, compared with 60 percent of high school graduates and just 53 percent of high school dropouts.

总体来说，非裔美国女性结婚的比白人女性少，但与教育水平不太高的黑人女性相比，受到良好教育的黑人女性结婚的可能要大得多。自2008年以来，70%的非裔女大学生结婚了；相比之下，高中毕业的结婚率只有60%；高中辍学的则只有53%。

One reason educated heterosexual women may worry about their marriage prospects today is that overall marriage rates have been slipping since 1980. But they have slipped less for educated women than for anyone else. Furthermore, college-educated women, once they do marry, are much less likely to divorce. As a result, by age 30, and especially at ages 35 and 40, college-educated women are significantly more likely to be married than any other group. And according to calculations by the economist Betsey Stevenson, an educated woman still single at age 40 is much more likely to marry in the next decade than her less educated counterparts.

如今受到良好教育的异性恋女性对婚姻前景担心的一个原因是，1980年以来总体的结婚率一直在下降。但与其它人群相比，受到良好教育的女性结婚率下降较小。而且，一旦受过大学教育的女性结婚了，就不太可能离婚。结果，30岁左右，特别是在35至40岁期间，受大学教育的女性比其它人更有可能结婚。根据经济学家贝特西·史蒂文森的测算，与受到教育不太高的女性相比，40岁仍单身的受到良好教育的女性在下一个10年结婚的可能性会加大。

Even for women who don't marry, it's better to be educated; a 2002 study found that never-married white women with more education than average lived "the longest, healthiest lives of all groups."

甚至对未结婚的女性来说，受教育也是好事；2002年的一份研究指出，在所有人中，受教育水平高于普通人的终身未嫁的白人女性“活得时间最长，生活也最健康”。

ONE of the dire predictions about educated women is true: today, more of them are "marrying down." Almost 30 percent of wives today have more education than their husbands, while less than 20 percent of husbands have more education than their wives, almost the exact reverse of the percentages in 1970.

有个关于受教育女性的可怕预测现在成事实了：如今很多受到良好教育的女性“下嫁”了。现在约有30%的妻子的教育水平比他们的丈夫高，而丈夫学历高于妻子的不足20%，这基本上与1970年的情况完全相反。

But there is not a shred of evidence that such marriages are any less satisfying than marriages in which men have equal or higher education than their wives. Indeed, they have many benefits for women.

但是没有丝毫的证据说明这样的婚姻没有男性学位高于（或等于）妻子的那样令人满意。实际上对女性有很多好处。

In a forthcoming paper from the Council on Contemporary Families, Oriel Sullivan, a researcher at Oxford University, reports that the higher a woman's human capital in relation to her husband — measured by her educational resources and earnings potential — the more help with housework she actually gets from her mate. The degree to which housework is shared is now one of the two most important predictors of a woman's marital satisfaction. And husbands benefit too, since studies show that women feel more sexually attracted to partners who pitch in.

哈佛大学研究员奥瑞儿·沙利文（Oriel Sullivan）在《当代家庭协会》发表的一篇论文称， 与丈夫相比，女性的人力资本（用教育资源和可能的收入来衡量）越多，干家务时伴侣给予她的帮助也就越多。家务被分担的程度是现在两个最重要的估计女性婚姻状况的指标之一。而且，这也有利于男性，因为研究显示女性对教育水平不高的伴侣更有性吸引力。

Speaking of which, educated wives also get better sex, whatever their partner's educational level, according to the sexuality researchers Pepper Schwartz and Virginia Rutter. They are more likely to receive as well as give oral sex, to use a greater variety of sexual positions and to experience orgasm regularly.

提到这一点，性研究员佩珀·施瓦兹（Pepper Schwartz） and弗吉尼亚·瑞特（ Virginia Rutter）认为受到良好教育的妻子的性生活更加和谐，而不论他们伴侣的教育水平如何。他们更愿意口交或被口交，更可能使用多种体位和经常达到性高潮。

Certainly, some guys are still threatened by a woman's achievements. But scaring these types off might be a good thing. The men most likely to feel emotional and physical distress when their wives have a higher status or income tend to be those who are more invested in their identity as breadwinners than as partners and who define success in materialistic ways. Both these traits are associated with lower marital quality. Few women really want to marry a man whose penis rises and falls in tandem with the size of his paycheck or the prestige of his diploma.

当然，有些男人也会受不了女人的成就。但是把这类男人吓跑也许是件好事。当妻子的地位或收入超过自己时，他们的身心很可能会沮丧，而且他们往往认为自己是家庭的支柱而不是伴侣，他们往往用物质的方式定义成功。这两种品质与低质量的婚姻是联系在一起的。钱包鼓、学历高的时候，那话儿就竖起来了，否则就蔫下去了，这样的男人是没有女人真正愿意嫁的。

Yet when the journalist Liza Mundy interviewed young women for her forthcoming book on female breadwinners, she found that most wanted a mate they could "look up to" or "admire" — and didn't think they could admire a man who was less educated than they were. During a talk I recently gave to a women's group in San Francisco, an audience member said, "I want him to respect what I know, but I also want him to know just a little more than me." One of my students once told me, "it's exciting to be a bit in awe of a guy."

但是当她为新书采访一些女性家庭支柱时，记者丽莎·曼迪（Liza Mundy） 发现绝大数人都希望找个可以“ 仰望 ”或“ 羡慕”的对象，不希望他们羡慕的人受到的教育比不上自己。最近在旧金山跟一个女性团体谈话时，一名观众说，“我希望他尊重我知道的东西，而且我还希望他知道的比我多。” 有个学生也曾经告诉我，“对一个人有点敬畏也是比较有趣的。”

For a century, women have binged on romance novels that encouraged them to associate intimidation with infatuation; it's no wonder that this emotional hangover still lingers. Valentine's Day is a perfect time to reject the idea that the ideal man is taller, richer, more knowledgeable, more renowned or more powerful. The most important predictor of marital happiness for a woman is not how much she looks up to her husband but how sensitive he is to her emotional cues and how willing he is to share the housework and child-care. And those traits are often easier to find in a low-key guy than a powerhouse.

爱情小说常让人将崇拜、敬畏当成了喜欢，而一个世纪以来，女性都喜欢读这些小说。这种情感需求还是会遗留在脑际的。理想的男人应该是更高大的、更富有的、更有知识的、更加出名的或者更加强劲的。情人节是抵制这些观点的最佳时机。女人婚姻幸福最重要的一个因素不是她多么仰慕丈夫，而是丈夫对妻子的情感暗示有多敏感，有多愿意分担家务和照看孩子。而且与强人相比，这些品质在不打眼的人身上会更容易被发现。

I am not arguing that women ought to "settle." I am arguing that we can now expect more of a mate than we could when we depended on men for our financial security, social status and sense of accomplishment. But that requires ditching the Lois Lane syndrome, where we ignore the attractions and attention of Clark Kent because we're so eager for the occasional fly-by from Superman.

我并不是说女人应该“凑合”过下去。除了依赖男人获得经济支撑、社会地位和成就感之外，我觉得从男人身上可以获得更多其它东西。但这需要摆脱路易斯·莱恩（Lois Lane）综合症，因为它让我们忽略了克拉克·肯特的魅力和关怀，因为我们太渴望见到身边偶尔飞过的超人。

之之

TODAY women earn almost 60 percent of all bachelor's degrees and more than half of master's and Ph.D.'s. Many people believe that, while this may be good for women as income earners, it bodes ill for their marital prospects.

如今几乎60%的学士学位、超过一半的硕士和博士学位是由女性获得的。很多人相信尽管这也许能帮助女性多赚取些收入，但对他们的婚姻前景却不妙。

As Kate Bolick wrote in a much-discussed article in The Atlantic last fall, American women face "a radically shrinking pool of what are traditionally considered to be 'marriageable' men — those who are better educated and earn more than they do." Educated women worry that they are scaring away potential partners, and pundits claim that those who do marry will end up with unsatisfactory matches. They point to outdated studies suggesting that women with higher earnings than their husbands do more housework to compensate for the threat to their mates' egos, and that men who earn less than their wives are more likely to experience erectile dysfunction.

正如凯特·鲍力克去年秋季发表在《大西洋月刊》上一篇广为讨论的文章中写道的那样，美国女性“正面临着传统上适婚男性急剧减少的状况。这些男性受到的教育良好，而且赚得也多。受过良好教育的女性担心他们会让潜在的伴侣望而却步，专家声称最终那些结婚的人婚姻都不尽人意。他们暗示过去的研究显示 收入比丈夫高的女性做的家务多，这样可以弥补对男性伴侣自尊的威胁，而且收入比妻子地低的男性更有可能患勃起功能障碍。

Is this really the fate facing educated heterosexual women: either no marriage at all or a marriage with more housework and less sex? Nonsense. That may have been the case in the past, but no longer. For a woman seeking a satisfying relationship as well as a secure economic future, there has never been a better time to be or become highly educated.

要么不碰婚姻，要么就是婚后家务不断、且鲜有性生活，女异性恋者的命运就该如此吗？胡扯。过去也许是这样，现在变了。女性想要有个满意的伴侣和稳定的经济未来，没有比提高教育水平更好了。

For more than a century, women often were forced to choose between an education and a husband. Of women who graduated from college before 1900, more than three-quarters remained single. As late as 1950, one-third of white female college graduates ages 55 to 59 had never married, compared with only 7 percent of their counterparts without college degrees.

一个多世纪以来，女性通常不得不在教育和丈夫之间做出选择。1900年前，女大学生中超过3/4 的人单身。1950年时，年龄在55至59之间的有1/3拥有大学学历的白人女性从未嫁人，相比没有大学学历的对照组，这一比例仅占7%。。

Some of these women chose to stay single, of course, and that choice has always been easier and more rewarding for educated women. But the low marriage rates of educated women in the past were also because of the romantic and sexual prejudices of men. One physician explained the problem in Popular Science Monthly in 1905: An educated woman developed a "self-assertive, independent character" that made it "impossible to love, honor and obey" as a real wife should. He warned that as more middle-class women attended college, middle-class men would look to the lower classes to find uneducated wives.

其中有些女性选择单身，当然，这个选择对受过良好教育的女性是容易做的、也是值得的。但是过去受过良好教育的女性结婚率低也是由于男性的浪漫和性别偏见。一位内科医生在1905年的《大众科学期刊》上这样解释这个问题：受过良好教育的女性形成了“自信、独立的品质”，这样她们就没有了现实生活中妻子应有的热爱、尊重和服从的性格。他警告到：越来越多的中产阶级女性去念大学后，中产阶级男性将向更低的阶级去寻找那些没受过教育的人做老婆。

That is exactly what happened in the mid-20th century. From 1940 to the mid-1970s, the tendency for men to marry down educationally became more pronounced and the cultural ideal of hypergamy — that women must marry up — became more insistent.

20世纪中叶的情况就是如此。从1940年至20世纪70年代，男性娶的女性受教育的水平没自己高的现象比较普遍，高攀（女性嫁给比自己好的男性）的文化理想也是一贯坚持的。

Postwar dating manuals advised women to "play dumb" to catch a man — and 40 percent of college women in one survey said they actually did so. As one guidebook put it: "Warning! ... Be careful not to seem smarter than your man." If you hide your intelligence, another promised, "you'll soon become the little woman to be pooh-poohed, patronized and wed."

二战后的约会指南建议女性，要抓住男人的心，女人得“装傻充愣”，在一份调查中，40%的大学女性称他们就是这样做的。一本手册如此建议：“当心！...... 别让自己看上去比你的男人聪明。” 如果能隐藏你的智慧，“很快你就会变成小女人，被男人怜爱和保护，并步入婚姻。”

Insulting as it may have been, such advice was largely sound. Studying national surveys on mate preferences, David M. Buss, a psychologist at the University of Texas, and his colleagues found that in 1956, education and intelligence were together ranked 11th among the things men sought in a mate. Much more important to them was finding a good cook and housekeeper who was refined, neat and had a pleasing disposition. By 1967, education and intelligence had moved up only one place, to No. 10, on men's wish lists.

尽管听起来不太顺耳，这些建议大体上还是正确的。研究全国的择偶喜好调查之后，得克萨斯大学的心理学家戴维·布斯和他的同事发现，1956年时，在男性寻求伴侣的品质中，教育和智力并列排名第11位。他们更想找的是找个好厨师和家庭主妇，她得待人礼貌、举止高雅、心情开朗。 1967年时，男士的意向榜单上，教育和智力支上升了1位，排到第10位。

Men in the postwar period were threatened by the thought of a woman with more or even as much education as they had. One man who taught at a women's college in the 1950s told me his colleagues used to joke that once they knew a woman had earned a Ph.D., they didn't even need to ask what she had specialized in: clearly, it was in "Putting Hubby Down."

二战后，一想到有个女人的受到的教育比自己多，甚至一样多，男人就会觉得受到威胁了。20世纪50年代曾经在女子学院任教的一位男士告诉我说，知道一个女性有了博士学位之后，他们甚至不会问她从事什么专业研究，就开玩笑地说专业是“把相公比下去。”

But over the past 30 years, these prejudices have largely disappeared. By 1996, intelligence and education had moved up to No. 5 on men's ranking of desirable qualities in a mate. The desire for a good cook and housekeeper had dropped to 14th place, near the bottom of the 18-point scale. The sociologist Christine B. Whelan reports that by 2008, men's interest in a woman's education and intelligence had risen to No. 4, just after mutual attraction, dependable character and emotional stability.

30多年过去了，这些偏见大部分已经不复存在了。1996年时，智力和教育状况已经上升到男人寻求伴侣理想的品质排名的第5 位。找一位厨师和家庭主妇已经降到第14位，接近一共18个排名的底部了。社会学家克里斯汀·威尔兰（Christine B. Whelan）称，2008年时男性对女性的教育和智力状况的兴趣已经上升到第4位了，仅次于彼此的吸引、可靠的品质和稳定的情感。

The result has been a historic reversal of what the economist Elaina Rose calls the "success" penalty for educated women. By 2008, the percentage of college-educated white women ages 55 to 59 who had never been married was down to 9 percent, just 3 points higher than their counterparts without college degrees. And among women 35 to 39, there was no longer any difference in the percentage who were married.

这个结果是对经济学家埃莱纳·罗斯称为受过良好教育女性的“成功”惩罚的历史性颠覆。截止到2008年，55岁至59岁的始终未婚的受过大学教育的白人女性比率已经下降到9%，只比没有大学学位的白人女性高3个点。而且，对于35岁至39岁的女性来说，有没有受过大学教育不再有区别。

之之

1. Be Productive

1. 工作高效

Surprising your manager with peakproductivityis a surefireway to impress and prove you are a valuableassetto the company. If you feel your productivity slipping, take strides to step up your game and increase your daily and weekly output.

向老板展示你超高的工作效率绝对是惊艳老板、向其证明你是公司的宝贵财富的好方法。如果你觉得工作效率在下降，那就要尽快赶上大部队，并提高你的日产出量和周产出量。

2. Speak up

2. 及时沟通

Talk to your direct manager, teammates, and HR when you have questions, ideas, or concerns. Everyone appreciates clear communication and brainstorming, and the healthiest way to get support is to ask for it.

如果你遇到问题、有了新想法或者打算，你就应该及时和你的老板、合作伙伴、还有人事经理沟通交流。所有人都喜欢真诚的交流和集思广益，而且这也是得到别人支持的好方法。

3. Follow through

3. 坚持到底

If you said you would do something or were assigned to do something, do it. It's quite simple, really.

如果你承诺要做某事，或者你被安排完成某项任务，那你就去做。这个道理很简单，没什么好说的。

4. Be Honest

4. 诚实坦率

Lying never helps anyone grow. Be honest about your efforts, workload, skills, and needs. Your boss will appreciate your frankness. She may even be able to help you.

撒谎永远不可能助你进步。诚实对待你的努力、你的工作、你的技能和你的需求。老板会欣赏你的坦率，甚至还可能助你一臂之力。

5. Be a Team Player

5. 团队合作

It's crucialto speak up for yourself, but don't excludeyourself from your department or unit. Work with your co-workers to meet your common goal.

脱颖而出很重要，但也不要忘了你是团队的一员，你要和同事合作才能完成你们的共同目标。

6. Show Gratitude

6. 学会感恩

Everyone loves feeling loved. You welcome feedback, rewards, and recognitionfrom your boss, and she will do the same. When she sneaksyou a small gift, compliment, or helpful tip, thank her in person, in an email, or in a handwritten note. Illustratinghow much her effort means to you will encourage her to keep the gratitudecoming.

每个人都喜欢被爱的感觉。你希望从老板那里得到反馈、表扬和认可，老板也是一样。当老板给你送了个小礼物，或是对你赞扬了一番，又或者给你帮了把手，记住要感谢老板，无论你是当面感谢也好，还是通过邮件或者手写的小卡片也好，表达你对老板的感谢之情会让老板也备受鼓舞。相对地，她也会感谢你。

7. Have a Healthy Work-Life Balance

7. 平衡工作与生活

Your boss expects you to work diligentlyand be productive, but she doesn't expect you to live for work. Maintaining a healthy work-life balance will make you a happier person at home and at work. Everyone wins.

老板当然希望你工作认真又高效，但是，老板不希望你只会工作。平衡好工作与生活的关系会让你在家在单位都感到更快乐。这就是共赢。

之之

Teacher: Tom, why are you late for school every day?

Tom: Every time I come to the corner, a sign says, School-Go Slow.

老师： 汤姆，您为什么每天上学迟到？

汤姆： 我每次路过拐角，一个路标上面写着：学校——慢行。

之之

Mother: I left two pieces of cake in the cupboard this morning, Johnny, and now there is only one piece left. Can you explain that?

Johnny: Well, I suppose it was so dark that I didn't notice the other.

妈妈： 约翰尼，我今天早上在橱子里放了两块点心。现在就剩下一块了。你能解释一下吗？

约翰尼： 嗯，我想是因为里面太黑我没看到另外那块。

之之

A potentially costly dispute over the name of the iPad computer tablet may not be the only trademark problem facing Apple Incorporated in China. The China Daily newspaper reports Monday that at least 39 Chinese companies and individuals have attempted to register the names iPhone or iPad as trademarks for products as varied as hiking shoes, veterinary drugs and diapers. The newspaper says six manufacturers, including a flashlight manufacturer, got as far as preliminary approval before their applications were challenged.

由平板电脑iPad名称引发的争端可能给在中国的苹果公司带来潜在的巨大损失，但这可能不是苹果公司唯一的在华商标问题。据《中国日报》星期一报道，至少有39家中国公司和个人已经试图给“iPhone”和“ iPad”这些名称注册商标，产品涉及登山鞋、兽医药品和尿布等。《中国日报》说，包括一家手电筒生产商在内的六家制造业者已经得到初步批准，但它们的申请后来受到质疑。

The disclosure comes as a dispute over the iPad name has led authorities in several cities to seize the hand-held computers from Chinese retailers, threatening iPad sales in the world's largest computer market and, potentially, Apple's ability to export the tablets from the country where they are made.

这一消息被披露时，有关iPad名称的争端让数个中国城市当局从零售商那里没收这种手持电脑。这给 iPad在世界最大的电脑市场的销售带来威胁，并有可能威胁苹果公司从这种平板电脑的生产国对外出口iPad的能力。

之之

According to the Annual Report on the Chinese Rule of Law, 2012, a bluebook jointly launched by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Social Sciences Academic Press, almost 40 percent of Chinese officials find "nakedness," or putting their family members and finances abroad, acceptable, China.org.cn reported.

中国社会科学院、社会科学文献出版社日前联合发布了2012年《法治蓝皮书》。据中国网报道，蓝皮书调查显示，近乎近四成公职人员认可当“裸官”，即家庭人员和财产均在海外。

According to the bluebook's findings, the spouses and children of highly-ranked officials are more likely to be granted foreign citizenship or permanent residence, a phenomenon which is likely to jeopardize the government's decision making on the grounds of confidentiality, according to the bluebook's conclusions.

蓝皮书认为，高层官员的配偶和子女更有可能获得外国国籍或永久居住权。因为涉及保密因素，这种“裸官”现象会妨碍政府的政策制定。

Recommendations published in the bluebook state that increased supervision of high-level officials, including implementing necessary legal measures, could curb the phenomenon.

蓝皮书提出建议，要加强对“裸官”的监管，包括以必要的法律手段来控制这种现象。

The bluebook also found that public opinion demands greater transparency with regard to government expenditure on entertaining guests.

蓝皮书还显示，公众要求政府应给公务宴请费用更高的透明度。

In terms of government transparency, Beijing's municipal government tops the list, followed by Tianjin and Jiangsu. The Ministry of Commerce has been hailed as the most transparent ministry in the State Council.

政府透明度北京居首；另外，天津市、江苏省分列第二、三位。商务部居国务院各部委之首。

之之

A major ingredient to taking the pain out of a stressful day at work is a supportive partner at home, a new study has confirmed.

一项新研究证实，家有贤内助确实能较大地减轻工作压力带来的焦虑和疲惫。

It may not seem like a groundbreaking conclusion but the study, from Florida State University, is the first to quantify the effects that a sympathetic ear can have at home and at work.

这看起来也许并不是什么开创性的研究结果，不过佛罗里达州立大学的这一研究却是首次将怀着同情心倾听在家庭中和职场中的作用进行量化。

Professor Wayne Hochwarter, author of the study, found that highly stressed employees had a 25 percent higher level of concentration levels if they had a harmonious home life.

该研究的作者韦恩•霍赫瓦特教授发现，在高压下工作的员工如果家庭生活和谐的话，注意力水平比其他人高出25%。

They were also 33 percent more likely to have positive relationships with colleagues, and a 20 percent higher level of job satisfaction.

此外，这些人和同事保持良好关系的可能性要高出33%，工作满意度也要高出20%。

Previous studies have linked work—related stress to a range of mental and physical illnesses, such as depression and obesity.

先前的研究曾将工作压力和一系列精神和身体疾病联系起来，包括抑郁症和肥胖症。

But this study shows how stress can be a vicious circle — adversely affecting the way employees perform at work, which can lead to even more workplace stress.

不过本研究显示，压力也可以造成恶性循环——对员工的工作表现产生负面影响，从而带来更多的工作压力。

Professor Hochwarter said the mental and physical wellbeing of employees were at risk if they came to work still stressed from the day before.

霍赫瓦特教授说，如果员工开始一天的工作时仍受到前一天压力的困扰，那么他的精神和身体健康就会受到危害。

He said: "When you're still angry or upset from yesterday's stress, your workday will likely go in only one direction — down."

他说：“如果你依然因为昨天的压力而感到恼怒或心烦，你这天的工作表现只会向一个方向发展——直线下降。”

And there were obvious benefits at home as well. Professor Hochwarter's paper said employees with strong home support were 25 percent less likely to suffer from after—work fatigue.

家庭对减轻工作压力则有显著的效果。霍赫瓦特教授的论文称，拥有强大的家庭支持的员工下班时感到疲惫的可能性比其他人低25%。

Having an awareness of a partner's daily work demands — such as deadlines, a lack of adequate resources and bad bosses — could ensure that couples always communicated, and a partner could see when their loved one was underplaying or exaggerating a problem.

了解伴侣日常工作上的一些要求——例如任务完成的最后期限、缺少足够的资源以及苛刻的上司——可以保证伴侣之间保持沟通顺畅，而且其中一方可以看出自己的爱人是对问题轻描淡写还是在夸大问题。

The ability to bring a partner back to the middle — building them up when they feel down in the dumps, or talking them down when they are overly agitated — also played a crucial role.

让伴侣恢复平和心态的能力——在伴侣情绪低落时帮助其建立信心，或在伴侣过度激动时让其冷静下来——也发挥着关键的作用。